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Pride parades in South Africa
There have been pride parades in South Africa celebrating LGBT pride since 1990. South African pride parades were historically used for political advocacy protesting against legal discrimination against LGBT people, and for the celebration of equality before the law after the apartheid era. They are increasingly used for political advocacy against LGBT hate crimes, such as the so-called corrective rape of lesbians in townships, and to remember victims thereof.
==Johannesburg==
The Gay and Lesbian Organisation of the Witwatersrand (GLOW) was founded by gay anti-apartheid activist Simon Nkoli in 1988. The first South African pride parade was held towards the end of the apartheid era in Johannesburg on 13 October 1990, the first such event on the African continent.〔〔〔 The first event attended by 800 people was initiated and organised by GLOW, and the crowd was addressed by Nkoli, Donné Rundle, Beverly Ditsie, Edwin Cameron and gay Dutch Reformed Church minister Hendrik Pretorius.〔〔 In his speech, Nkoli said:〔
Section Nine of the country's 1996 constitution provides for equality and freedom from discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation among other factors.〔 Over time, the celebration factor came to overshadow the protest factor despite ongoing social issues. The 2012 parade was marred by a clash between activist participants and members of the Joburg Pride organising body,〔 and the organising body disbanded in April 2013 due to internal conflict about whether the event should continue to be used for political advocacy. Two new committee's was formed around May 2013 One new committee to be called "Johannesburg Pride" to carry on the history of the oldest and largest LGBTQIA Pride in South Africa & (Africa),〔http://www.johannesburgpride.co.za〕 The other one committee to organise a "Johannesburg People's Pride", which is "envisioned as an inclusive and explicitly political movement for social justice".
Other pride parades held in the Johannesburg area include Soweto Pride which has taken place annually since 2005 in Meadowlands, Soweto,〔〔 and eKurhuleni Pride which has taken place annually since 2009 in the East Rand township of KwaThema. On 24 April 2011, LGBT rights activist and eKurhuleni Pride Organising Committee member Noxolo Nogwaza was raped and murdered in KwaThema, in what was described as a hate crime by Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International. Three years earlier, lesbian Banyana Banyana footballer Eudy Simelane was raped and murdered in the same township.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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